In which atmospheric condition do thermal lows typically develop?

Thermal lows typically develop during summer when land masses warm significantly because of the intense heating of the Earth's surface. As the temperature of the land increases, the air above it becomes warmer and less dense, causing it to rise. This rising air creates a low-pressure area at the surface, known as a thermal low, where cooler surrounding air moves in to replace the rising warm air. This phenomenon is especially prominent in continental areas where land heats up rapidly compared to water bodies.

In contrast, during winter months when temperatures are cooler, thermal lows are less likely to form because the surface air remains denser and more stable. Similarly, when land masses cool down in the summer, they do not create the conditions necessary for thermal lows because the temperature differential that causes the uplift of warm air is diminished. High-pressure systems, which are typically associated with descending air and stable atmospheric conditions, do not support the development of thermal lows either. Hence, the most conducive atmospheric condition for thermal lows is during summer, when the land warms significantly.