Which type of air mass is characterized by being very warm and very dry?

The type of air mass characterized by being very warm and very dry is Tropical Continental. This air mass typically originates over land in tropical regions, where high temperatures lead to significant warming. As it moves away from these areas, it tends to remain dry due to limited moisture availability from the land surface.

Tropical Continental air masses can frequently bring warm weather conditions to regions they move into, such as during the summer months in various locations. Their low humidity levels also mean that these air masses usually do not produce significant precipitation, further emphasizing their hot and dry characteristics.

Other types of air masses have different properties. For instance, Arctic Continental air masses are cold and dry, Polar Maritime air masses are generally cool and moist, and Equatorial air is characterized by high humidity and warmth, often associated with heavy rainfall. Therefore, Tropical Continental is the correct choice for its distinctive warmth and dryness.